The Effect of Pagoda Flower Extract (Clerodendrum paniculatum) on Reducing Cholesterol Levels and Histopathological Features of the Liver of Male Wistar Strain White Rats with Obesity Model

Abstract

The study aimed to investigate the effects of pagoda flower extract (Clerodendrum
paniculatum L) on reducing cholesterol levels and histopathological features of the liver of
obese rats. This study used 24 white rats (Rattus norvegicus) Wistar strain into 4 groups,
namely Control, Treatment 1, Treatment 2, and Treatment 3, with different doses. The results
of the phytochemical test of pagoda flower extract contained secondary metabolites such as
alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, and tannins. This study was conducted with an initial stage of
testing a high-fat diet for 14 days. The results showed that the rats got a Lee index value of
0.31 in treatment groups 1, 2, and 3. The study demonstrated that pagoda flower extract
significantly reduced cholesterol levels and improved liver histopathology in obese rats,
particularly at 150 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg. Microscopic images of the liver of mice in
treatment group 3 given a dose of 200 mg/kg bb extract looked normal, no inflammation was
seen, cells began to improve, and no necrosis and fatty deposits were seen. Data analysis
using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test The results of each group's data were normally
distributed.