The Effect Of Giving Sambiloto Leaf Extract (Andrographis Paniculatu) On Kidney Function And Kidney Histopathology Of Male Wistar White Rats With Diabetes Mellitus

Abstract

Diabetes Mellitus is one of the threats to human health. The abnormalities that occur in
the kidneys of people with diabetes mellitus begin with the presence of microalbuminuria.
Microalbuminuria is generally defined as albumin excretion of more than 30 mg per day
and is considered important for the onset of diabetic nephropathy which if uncontrolled
will then develop into clinical proteinuria and end in kidney failure.
This study aims to prove the effect of leaf extract (Andrographis paniculata) on kidney
function and histopathology of the kidneys of male Wistar rats with diabetes mellitus.
This study is an experimental study using a pre-post test control group design. In this
study, 24 male Wistar rats were used as samples which were divided into 6 groups and 4
rats for each group.
The results of the study showed that administration of leaf extract (Andrographis
paniculata) at a dose of 600 mg/KgBW was effective in significantly improving kidney
function in white rats (Rattus norvegicus) Wistar strain with diabetes mellitus. This
improvement can be seen through the levels of urea, creatinine, and histological structure
of the kidneys that have improved. Leaf extract (Andrographis paniculata) contains
secondary metabolites in the form of saponins, tannins, flavonoids, alkaloids, and steroids
that help repair kidney cells that experience fatty deposits and decreased kidney function
due to diabetes mellitus. Given its antihyperglycemic and anti-inflammatory properties,
Andrographis paniculata functions as a protective agent for kidney health in patients with
diabetes mellitus.