Program Edukasi Terpadu Peningkatan Pengetahuan Pasien Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2 melalui Pendekatan Sosiodemografi di Kelurahan Sei Agul, Kecamatan Medan Barat

Abstract

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic disease characterized by hyperglycemia due to insulin resistance and/or impaired insulin secretion. The prevalence of T2DM continues to increase, particularly among the elderly and urban populations in Indonesia. Limited patient knowledge regarding disease management, dietary regulation, physical activity, medication adherence, and complication prevention remains a significant challenge. Sociodemographic factors, including education level, occupation, income, age, and family support, profoundly influence disease management outcomes. This community service program aimed to improve T2DM patients' knowledge through a structured integrated education program tailored to their sociodemographic profiles. Activities were conducted at Kelurahan Sei Agul, Kecamatan Medan Barat, Medan, on March 26, 2025, involving T2DM patients and their families. Methods included health counseling, interactive discussion, glucometer demonstration, practical menu planning, and individual counseling. Results demonstrated improvement in participants' knowledge regarding T2DM concepts, risk factors, healthy diet, physical activity, medication adherence, blood glucose self-monitoring, complication prevention, and the critical role of family support. The integrated education program with a sociodemographic approach proved effective as a community-based intervention strategy to enhance self-management capabilities among T2DM patients